Acute cystitis is a sudden inflammation of the bladder, most often related to bacterial urinary infection. It mainly affects women and results in frequent urination with pains during urination. The diagnosis is based on a urinary tape test, sometimes supplemented by a cytobacteriological examination of urine (ECBU). The treatment consists of a suitable antibiotic prescription.

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What is acute cystitis?

Acute cystitis corresponds to inflammation of the bladder mucosa, usually of infectious origin. The bladder, an organ of the urinary system, stores about 500 ml of urine. In women, it is located under the uterus and in front of the vagina; In humans, above the prostate and in front of the rectum. The urine produced by the kidneys reaches the bladder via the ureters. The most common form is acute and related to ascending infection, while the chronic form, called interstitial cystitis, is rare and not infectious.

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An infection most often bacterial

In the majority of cases, cystitis is caused by Escherichia coli, a digestive bacterium responsible for 90% of infections. In women, the anatomical proximity between the anus and the urinary meat promotes contamination. Cystitis in humans is more rare and often associated with sexually transmitted infections, such as Chlamydia trachomatis, and frequently accompanies prostatitis. In children, any urinary tract infection should be promptly managed by a doctor. There are two particularly risky periods in women: the beginning of sexual life and menopause.

Factors for cystitis

Some elements increase the likelihood of a urinary infection: small size of the urethra in women, sexual activity, incontinence, urinary tract abnormalities, hormonal changes, pregnancy, genital prolapsus, certain neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis, diabetes, and too tight clothing.

Symptoms of cystitis

Cystitis manifests itself through burns and pains in the urination, a feeling of abdominal gravity, frequent and urgent need to urinate, disturbed and smelly urine, sometimes tinted with blood. In the event of high fever and back pain, infection may progress to acute pyelonephritis, which is a medical emergency.

Prevention

Some habits reduce the risk of cystitis: drinking enough water, not stopping urination, adopting appropriate intimate hygiene, urinating after each sexual intercourse, wearing cotton underwear and drying back and forth after urination or defecation.