Infertility affects many couples, and in 30-40% of cases it is related to problems on the male side. In humans, fertility depends primarily on the quantity and quality of sperm present in the sperm. Several anomalies may be involved, and may be associated with the same person.

The different types of sperm abnormalitiesMale infertility related to the azoospermia

This is the total absence of sperm in the ejaculate. This situation can result from two main mechanisms:

• A disorder of sperm production in the testicles (e.g. after chemotherapy or pelvic radiotherapy that damaged germ cells).
• An obstacle on the excretory pathways, preventing sperm from leaving (congenital blockage or as a result of poorly treated sexually transmitted infection). Order your medicine HERE

Male infertility related to the oligospermia

The sperm count is too small to allow natural fertilization. The causes are generally the same as those of l

Male infertility related to asthenospermia

Sperms are present in sufficient quantities, but their mobility is insufficient. They fail to climb the cervix, cross the uterus and reach the tubes to fertilize the eggocyte. This weakness may be due to a defect in sperm production or, sometimes, to an unfavourable cervical mucus that quickly exhausts them.

Male infertility related to teratospermia

A high proportion of sperm has morphological malformations. These abnormal forms often have difficulty in moving properly or entering the egg.

Other causes: Retrograde ejaculation is a rarer cause: sperm is directed towards the bladder instead of being expelled by the urethra. It occurs frequently after prostate surgery.

Risk factors for male infertility

Several factors increase the risk of such anomalies; It is:

• Early age (usually from age 40);
• From addiction to smoking and excessive alcohol consumption;
• Repeated exposure of the testicles to excessive heat (hot baths, jacuzzi, saunas, hammams, long driving hours);
• The Varicole (dilatation of testicular veins that raises local temperature)
  Occupational exposure to toxic products;
• Heavy medical history, including cancer treatments and complicated mumps.

A worrying trend

For several decades, studies have seen a gradual decline in mean sperm concentration in France and Europe. The exact reasons for this decline remain unclear. Some researchers have mentioned the hypothesis of water contamination by hormones from oral contraceptives, but this has not yet been formally demonstrated.

Conclusion

Male infertility is often multifactorial. A specialized assessment (spermogram, consultation with the doctor) identifies the defect(s) involved and directs treatment towards the appropriate formulation.