Miscarriages are called miscarriage (or spontaneous abortion), when a pregnancy stops before the embryo or fetus is viable, i.e. before about 22 weeks of pregnancy. This phenomenon is growing daily despite the many precautions that hospitals take to address this problem. In France, an estimated 62% of women of childbearing age face miscarriage problems.
Every year, about 200,000 women in France face this reality, whose repercussions go beyond the medical framework: they affect psychological health, marital life, sexuality and parenthood. Often invisible suffering, still too little recognized by society.
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Miscarriages: Underestimated Impacts
Almost nine out of ten women who have suffered miscarriage report significant mental health injuries. Beyond this psychological dimension, 55% report a deterioration in their relationship as a couple and 40% see repercussions in their work. These data highlight the intensity and multiplicity of miscarriage trauma, which is too often minimized by entourage.
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Symptoms of miscarriage
The miscarriage is most often manifested by bleeding accompanied by low abdominal pain. These pains may recall those of the menstrual period or, for some women, contractions related to childbirth. However, there are times when no signs are visible. When it occurs very early, we talk about « biochemical pregnancy », often confused with a simple menstrual delay. In some cases, pregnancy interrupts abruptly without apparent symptoms; It is then the ultrasound which reveals the cessation of cardiac activity of the foetus.
What are the causes of miscarriage?
When the miscarriage occurs very early, it is most often related to an embryo chromosomal anomaly. On the other hand, spontaneous terminations of pregnancy during the second trimester are usually associated with maternal pathologies: lack of placement, anatomical abnormalities of the uterus, endocrine disorders, infections or environmental factors.
Is the age of the mother a determining factor?
The risk of miscarriage increases significantly with maternal age. At 20 years of age, the probability of spontaneous termination of pregnancy is estimated at about 10%. This rate increases to 40–50% among 40-year-old women and reaches nearly 80% beyond the age of 45.
Are there any behaviours to avoid in order to limit the risk of miscarriage?
The majority of early miscarriages are due to embryo chromosomal abnormalities. However, it is essential to avoid maternal exposure to toxic substances such as tobacco, alcohol or drugs, as there is no defined serum threshold below which these agents would have no harmful effect on foetal development. Clinical recommendations emphasize the maintenance of a protective lifestyle, including balanced diet and regular physical activity, to reduce avoidable risk factors.
Is it common to dive into depression after a miscarriage?
Many women interpret the miscarriage as a personal failure and frequently express the question: « What did I do wrong? ». The answer is unequivocal: they have no responsibility. It is essential to recall that miscarriage results from a biological process independent of any voluntary or involuntary action by the mother. The resulting sense of guilt or shame is not based on any medical basis, although this reality remains difficult to integrate.
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