From puberty to first delivery, almost all women suffer from painful menstruation. It is estimated that dysmenorrhea may affect between 15 and 80 per cent of women under 30 years of age. For one in fifteen women, these pains are unbearable mainly because of the impact it has on their socio-professional lives.

Again called dysmenorrhea, menstrual pains are noticed in the first few days of the first appearances of menstrual periods. During the menstrual period, pain gradually decreases. Pain can be accompanied by migraine, nausea, or severe fatigue. In adolescents, these pains are dysmenorrhea called « Primary » (legged by rules). In older women, they may have other causes (Fibroids, polyps, infections) and are said secondary dysmenorrhea.

Understanding all about painful rules

Menstruations are also called menstruations, and they are a natural phase of the female menstrual cycle that eliminates the uterine mucosa (Indometer) in which the ovary egg was not fertilised. Every 28 days in general (and from 21 days to 35 days depending on each woman). The rules therefore correspond to a cycle that is prepared monthly by the femininity of a body, for a potential pregnancy. In the absence of pregnancy,endometer which was thickening to be ready to accept an embryo leaving the womb with bleeding. Generally, they are disturbing, especially in febrile states, mild headache and abdominal pain.

Symptoms of dysmenorrhea

Many women have bleeding at the beginning of a few days of their cycle that marks the beginning of the period.
There are several premenstrual symptoms, which can be different from one cycle to another. The discomfort is generally observed in many women. But visual symptoms are observed in some women:

• sensitive breasts
• bloating,
• muscle pain
• joint pain
• headache
• acne
• abdominal pain where diarrhoea or bloating may occur
• pain in the lower back
• difficulty sleeping, sleeping
• fatigue aneurisms, lack of energy

Non-prescription anti-inflammatory pain medications, such as ibuprofen or naproxene, are often prescribed by doctors to relieve the harm, but this remains a permanent solution.

Causes of dysmenorrhea

Menstrual pain may occur either:

– from adolescence (primary dysmenorrhea) which is most often without gravity,
– later in adulthood (secondary dysmenorrhea)related to a disease.

Primary dysmenorrhea or painful periods from adolescence

Primary dysmenorrhea occurs in adolescence within the first few months of the first period at puberty age. It is very common in girls and most often without gravity.

It is related to excess secretion of prostaglandins uterine mucosa called endometrial in menstrual period. The prostaglandins are molecules that cause uterine contractions to facilitate the removal of the uterine mucosa. Moreover, excess prostaglandins cause hypercontractility and inappropriate uterine muscle tone.

Frequent contractions cause hypoxia due to poor uterine muscle irrigation, causing pain by compression of small vessels.

La dysménorrhée primaire est souvent favorisée par l’arrivée précoce des règles, par des antécédents familiaux de dysménorrhée et le fait de ne pas être enceinte (nulliparité). La consommation du tabac est aussi un facteur qui aggrave le mal.

La dysménorrhée secondaire ou règles douloureuses à l’âge d’adulte

Dans la plupart des cas, les douleurs menstruelles (conjonction des règles) disparaissent d’elles-mêmes au bout de quelques années (ou après le premier accouchement). Mais si la douleur liée à ces cycles menstruels surviennent, cela est souvent liée à des pathologies comme les myomes et fibromes, les infections urinaires etc. Dans ce cas, un traitement complet est nécessaire pour nettoyer son utérus.

Eventuelle complications de la dysménorrhée

Les douleurs menstruelles ne sont pas à eux seuls un motif de consultation. En revanche, leur survenue peut témoigner d’une affection organique des zones anatomiques reproductrices, telle une lésion organique, comme des polypes de l’utérus, ou une maladie, comme une endométriose, qui sont toutes deux susceptibles de compromettre la fonction de reproduction, bien que leur traitement puisse permettre de la rétablir.